زائر
aspiin
(ass' pi in)
Ap-ASA (AN), Aspegm, Baye, Easpin, Etin, Empiin, Entphen (AN), Genpin, Hafpin 81, 12 Hafpin, Heatine, Nwih, Nvasen (AN), PMS-ASA (AN), Zpin
Bffeed aspiin pdts:
Aka-Setze, Asiptin, Aspimx, Bffein, Bffex, Magnapin
Pegnany ategy D
Dg asses
Antipyeti
Anagesi (nn-nati)
Anti-infammaty
Antihemati
Antipateet
Saiyate
NSAID
Theapeti atins
Anagesi and antihemati effets ae attibtabe t aspiin's abiity t inhibit the synthesis f pstagandins, imptant mediats f infammatin. Antipyeti effets ae nt fy ndestd, bt aspiin pbaby ats in the themegaty ente f the hypthaams t bk effets f endgens pygen by inhibiting synthesis f the pstagandin intemediay. Inhibitin f pateet aggegatin is attibtabe t the inhibitin f pateet synthesis f thmbxane A2, a ptent vasnstit and inde f pateet aggegatin. This effet s at w dses and asts f the ife f the pateet (8 days). Highe dses inhibit the synthesis f pstayin, a ptent vasdiat and inhibit f pateet aggegatin.
Indiatins
· Mid t mdeate pain
· Feve
· Infammaty nditins--hemati feve, hematid athitis, steathitis
· edtin f isk f eent TIAs stke in maes with histy f TIA de t fibin pateet embi
· edtin f isk f death nnfata MI in patients with histy f infatin nstabe angina petis
· MI pphyaxis
· nabeed se: pphyaxis against ataat fmatin with ng-tem se
ntaindiatins and atins
· Aegy t saiyates NSAIDs (me mmn with nasa pyps, asthma, hni tiaia); aegy t tatazine (ss-sensitivity t aspiin is mmn); hemphiia, beeding es, hemhagi states, bd agatin defets, hyppthmbinemia, vitamin K defiieny (ineased isk f beeding); impaied ena fntin; hikenpx, infenza (isk f eye's syndme in hiden and teenages); hiden with feve ampanied by dehydatin; sgey sheded within 1 wk; pegnany (matena anemia, antepata and pstpata hemhage, pnged gestatin, and pnged ab have been epted; eadiy sses the paenta; pssiby teatgeni; matena ingestin f aspiin ding ate pegnany has been assiated with the fwing advese feta effets: w bith weight, ineased intaania hemhage, stibiths, nenata death); atatin.
Avaiabe fms
Tabets--325, 500, 650, 975 mg; S tabets--650, 800 mg; sppsities: 120, 200, 300, 600 mg
Avaiabe in a and sppsity fms. As avaiabe as hewabe tabets, gm; entei ated, sstained-eease, and bffeed pepaatins (sstained-eease aspiin is nt emmended f antipyesis, sht-tem anagesia, hiden < 12 y.)
Dsages
ADTS
· Min ahes and pains: 325–650 mg q 4 h.
· Athitis and hemati nditins: 3.2–6 gday in divided dses.
· Ate hemati feve: 5–8 gday; mdify t maintain sem saiyate eve f 15–30 mgd.
· TIAs in men:1,300 mgday in divided dses (650 mg bid 325 mg qid).
· MI pphyaxis: 75–325 mgday.
PEDIATI PATIENTS
· Anagesi and antipyeti: 65 mgkg pe 24 h in f t six divided dses, nt t exeed 3.6 gday. Dsage emmendatins by age:
Age
Dsage
(mg q 4 h)
2–3
162
4–5
243
6–8
324
9–10
405
11
486
³ 12
648
· Jvenie hematid athitis: 60–110 mgkg pe 24 h in divided dses at 4– t 6–h intevas. Maintain a sem eve f 200–300 mgm.
· Ate hemati feve: 100 mgkgday initiay, then deease t 75 mgkgday f 4–6 wk. Theapeti sem saiyate eve is 15–30 mgd.
· Kawasaki disease: 80–180 mgkgday; vey high dses may be needed ding ate febie peid; afte feve esves, dsage may be adjsted t 10 mgkgday.
Phamakinetis
te
nset
Peak
Datin
a
5–30 min
0.25–2 h
3–6 h
eta
1–2 h
4–5 h
6–8 h
Metabism: Hepati (saiyate); T12: 15 min–12 h
Distibtin: sses paenta; passes int beast mik
Exetin: ine
Advese effets
NSAIDs
· Ate aspiin txiity: espiaty akasis, hypepnea, tahypnea, hemhage, exitement, nfsin, asteixis, pmnay edema, nvsins, tetany, metabi aidsis, feve, ma, adivasa apse, ena and espiaty faie (dse eated 20–25 g in adts, 4 g in hiden)
· Aspiin inteane: Exaebatin f bnhspasm, hinitis (with nasa pyps, asthma, hinitis)
· GI: Nasea, dyspepsia, heatbn, epigasti dismft, anexia, hepattxiity
· Hematgi: t bd ss, hemstati defets
· Hypesensitivity: Anaphyatid eatins t anaphyati shk
· Saiyism: Dizziness, tinnits, diffity heaing, nasea, vmiting, diahea, menta nfsin, assitde (dse eated)
Inteatins
Dg-dg
· Ineased isk f beeding with a antiagants, hepain
· Ineased isk f GI eatin with steids, phenybtazne, ah, NSAIDs
· Ineased sem saiyate eves de t deeased saiyate exetin with ine aidifies (ammnim hide, asbi aid, methinine)
· Ineased isk f saiyate txiity with abni anhydase inhibits, fsemide
· Deeased sem saiyate eves with tisteids
· Deeased sem saiyate eves de t ineased ena exetin f saiyates with aetazamide, methazamide, etain antaids, akainizes
· Deeased absptin f aspiin with nnabsbabe antaids
· Ineased methtexate eves and txiity with aspiin
· Ineased effets f vapi aid senday t dispaement fm pasma ptein sites
· Geate gse weing effet f sfnyeas, insin with age dses (> 2 gday) f aspiin
· Deeased antihypetensive effet f aptpi, beta-adenegi bkes with saiyates; nside disntinatin f aspiin
· Deeased isi effet f pbeneid, sfinpyazne
· Pssibe deeased dieti effets f spinatne, fsemide (in patients with mpmised ena fntin)
· nexpeted hyptensin may with nitgyein
Dg-ab test
· Deeased sem ptein bnd idine (PBI) de t mpetitin f binding sites
· Fase-negative eadings f ine gse by gse xidase methd and ppe edtin methd with mdeate t age dses f aspiin
· Intefeene with ine 5-HIAA deteminatins by fesent methds bt nt by nitsnaphth imeti methd
· Intefeene with inay ketne deteminatin by the fei hide methd
· Fasey eevated ine VMA eves with mst tests; a fase deease in VMA sing the Pisan methd
Nsing nsideatins
Assessment
· Histy: Aegy t saiyates NSAIDs; aegy t tatazine; hemphiia, beeding es, hemhagi states, bd agatin defets, hyppthmbinemia, vitamin K defiieny; impaied hepati fntin; impaied ena fntin; hikenpx, infenza; hiden with feve ampanied by dehydatin; sgey sheded within 1 wk; pegnany; atatin
· Physia: Skin , esins; tempeate; eighth ania neve fntin, ientatin, efexes, affet; P, BP, pefsin; , adventitis snds; ive evaatin, bwe snds; B, tting times, inaysis, st gaia, ena and ive fntin tests
Inteventins
· Give dg with fd afte meas if GI pset s.
· Give dg with f gass f wate t ede isk f tabet apse dging in the esphags.
· D nt sh, and ense that patient des nt hew sstained-eease pepaatins.
· D nt se aspiin that has a stng vinega-ike d.
· Institte emegeny pedes if vedse s: gasti avage, indtin f emesis, ativated haa, spptive theapy.
Teahing pints
· T aspiins ae eqivaent. Pie des nt efet effetiveness.
· se the dg ny as sggested; avid vedse. Take the dg with fd afte meas if GI pset s.
· D nt t, sh, hew sstained-eease pdts.
· These side effets may : nasea, GI pset, heatbn (take dg with fd); easy bising, gm beeding (eated t aspiin's effets n bd tting)
· Avid the se f the T dgs whie taking this dg. Many f these dgs ntain aspiin, and seis vedse an .
· ept inging in the eas; dizziness, nfsin; abdmina pain; apid diffit beathing; nasea, vmiting.
· Take exta peatins t keep this dg t f the eah f hiden; this dg an be vey danges f hiden.
Advese effets in Itai ae mst mmn; thse in Bd ae ife-theatening.
(ass' pi in)
Ap-ASA (AN), Aspegm, Baye, Easpin, Etin, Empiin, Entphen (AN), Genpin, Hafpin 81, 12 Hafpin, Heatine, Nwih, Nvasen (AN), PMS-ASA (AN), Zpin
Bffeed aspiin pdts:
Aka-Setze, Asiptin, Aspimx, Bffein, Bffex, Magnapin
Pegnany ategy D
Dg asses
Antipyeti
Anagesi (nn-nati)
Anti-infammaty
Antihemati
Antipateet
Saiyate
NSAID
Theapeti atins
Anagesi and antihemati effets ae attibtabe t aspiin's abiity t inhibit the synthesis f pstagandins, imptant mediats f infammatin. Antipyeti effets ae nt fy ndestd, bt aspiin pbaby ats in the themegaty ente f the hypthaams t bk effets f endgens pygen by inhibiting synthesis f the pstagandin intemediay. Inhibitin f pateet aggegatin is attibtabe t the inhibitin f pateet synthesis f thmbxane A2, a ptent vasnstit and inde f pateet aggegatin. This effet s at w dses and asts f the ife f the pateet (8 days). Highe dses inhibit the synthesis f pstayin, a ptent vasdiat and inhibit f pateet aggegatin.
Indiatins
· Mid t mdeate pain
· Feve
· Infammaty nditins--hemati feve, hematid athitis, steathitis
· edtin f isk f eent TIAs stke in maes with histy f TIA de t fibin pateet embi
· edtin f isk f death nnfata MI in patients with histy f infatin nstabe angina petis
· MI pphyaxis
· nabeed se: pphyaxis against ataat fmatin with ng-tem se
ntaindiatins and atins
· Aegy t saiyates NSAIDs (me mmn with nasa pyps, asthma, hni tiaia); aegy t tatazine (ss-sensitivity t aspiin is mmn); hemphiia, beeding es, hemhagi states, bd agatin defets, hyppthmbinemia, vitamin K defiieny (ineased isk f beeding); impaied ena fntin; hikenpx, infenza (isk f eye's syndme in hiden and teenages); hiden with feve ampanied by dehydatin; sgey sheded within 1 wk; pegnany (matena anemia, antepata and pstpata hemhage, pnged gestatin, and pnged ab have been epted; eadiy sses the paenta; pssiby teatgeni; matena ingestin f aspiin ding ate pegnany has been assiated with the fwing advese feta effets: w bith weight, ineased intaania hemhage, stibiths, nenata death); atatin.
Avaiabe fms
Tabets--325, 500, 650, 975 mg; S tabets--650, 800 mg; sppsities: 120, 200, 300, 600 mg
Avaiabe in a and sppsity fms. As avaiabe as hewabe tabets, gm; entei ated, sstained-eease, and bffeed pepaatins (sstained-eease aspiin is nt emmended f antipyesis, sht-tem anagesia, hiden < 12 y.)
Dsages
ADTS
· Min ahes and pains: 325–650 mg q 4 h.
· Athitis and hemati nditins: 3.2–6 gday in divided dses.
· Ate hemati feve: 5–8 gday; mdify t maintain sem saiyate eve f 15–30 mgd.
· TIAs in men:1,300 mgday in divided dses (650 mg bid 325 mg qid).
· MI pphyaxis: 75–325 mgday.
PEDIATI PATIENTS
· Anagesi and antipyeti: 65 mgkg pe 24 h in f t six divided dses, nt t exeed 3.6 gday. Dsage emmendatins by age:
Age
Dsage
(mg q 4 h)
2–3
162
4–5
243
6–8
324
9–10
405
11
486
³ 12
648
· Jvenie hematid athitis: 60–110 mgkg pe 24 h in divided dses at 4– t 6–h intevas. Maintain a sem eve f 200–300 mgm.
· Ate hemati feve: 100 mgkgday initiay, then deease t 75 mgkgday f 4–6 wk. Theapeti sem saiyate eve is 15–30 mgd.
· Kawasaki disease: 80–180 mgkgday; vey high dses may be needed ding ate febie peid; afte feve esves, dsage may be adjsted t 10 mgkgday.
Phamakinetis
te
nset
Peak
Datin
a
5–30 min
0.25–2 h
3–6 h
eta
1–2 h
4–5 h
6–8 h
Metabism: Hepati (saiyate); T12: 15 min–12 h
Distibtin: sses paenta; passes int beast mik
Exetin: ine
Advese effets
NSAIDs
· Ate aspiin txiity: espiaty akasis, hypepnea, tahypnea, hemhage, exitement, nfsin, asteixis, pmnay edema, nvsins, tetany, metabi aidsis, feve, ma, adivasa apse, ena and espiaty faie (dse eated 20–25 g in adts, 4 g in hiden)
· Aspiin inteane: Exaebatin f bnhspasm, hinitis (with nasa pyps, asthma, hinitis)
· GI: Nasea, dyspepsia, heatbn, epigasti dismft, anexia, hepattxiity
· Hematgi: t bd ss, hemstati defets
· Hypesensitivity: Anaphyatid eatins t anaphyati shk
· Saiyism: Dizziness, tinnits, diffity heaing, nasea, vmiting, diahea, menta nfsin, assitde (dse eated)
Inteatins
Dg-dg
· Ineased isk f beeding with a antiagants, hepain
· Ineased isk f GI eatin with steids, phenybtazne, ah, NSAIDs
· Ineased sem saiyate eves de t deeased saiyate exetin with ine aidifies (ammnim hide, asbi aid, methinine)
· Ineased isk f saiyate txiity with abni anhydase inhibits, fsemide
· Deeased sem saiyate eves with tisteids
· Deeased sem saiyate eves de t ineased ena exetin f saiyates with aetazamide, methazamide, etain antaids, akainizes
· Deeased absptin f aspiin with nnabsbabe antaids
· Ineased methtexate eves and txiity with aspiin
· Ineased effets f vapi aid senday t dispaement fm pasma ptein sites
· Geate gse weing effet f sfnyeas, insin with age dses (> 2 gday) f aspiin
· Deeased antihypetensive effet f aptpi, beta-adenegi bkes with saiyates; nside disntinatin f aspiin
· Deeased isi effet f pbeneid, sfinpyazne
· Pssibe deeased dieti effets f spinatne, fsemide (in patients with mpmised ena fntin)
· nexpeted hyptensin may with nitgyein
Dg-ab test
· Deeased sem ptein bnd idine (PBI) de t mpetitin f binding sites
· Fase-negative eadings f ine gse by gse xidase methd and ppe edtin methd with mdeate t age dses f aspiin
· Intefeene with ine 5-HIAA deteminatins by fesent methds bt nt by nitsnaphth imeti methd
· Intefeene with inay ketne deteminatin by the fei hide methd
· Fasey eevated ine VMA eves with mst tests; a fase deease in VMA sing the Pisan methd
Nsing nsideatins
Assessment
· Histy: Aegy t saiyates NSAIDs; aegy t tatazine; hemphiia, beeding es, hemhagi states, bd agatin defets, hyppthmbinemia, vitamin K defiieny; impaied hepati fntin; impaied ena fntin; hikenpx, infenza; hiden with feve ampanied by dehydatin; sgey sheded within 1 wk; pegnany; atatin
· Physia: Skin , esins; tempeate; eighth ania neve fntin, ientatin, efexes, affet; P, BP, pefsin; , adventitis snds; ive evaatin, bwe snds; B, tting times, inaysis, st gaia, ena and ive fntin tests
Inteventins
· Give dg with fd afte meas if GI pset s.
· Give dg with f gass f wate t ede isk f tabet apse dging in the esphags.
· D nt sh, and ense that patient des nt hew sstained-eease pepaatins.
· D nt se aspiin that has a stng vinega-ike d.
· Institte emegeny pedes if vedse s: gasti avage, indtin f emesis, ativated haa, spptive theapy.
Teahing pints
· T aspiins ae eqivaent. Pie des nt efet effetiveness.
· se the dg ny as sggested; avid vedse. Take the dg with fd afte meas if GI pset s.
· D nt t, sh, hew sstained-eease pdts.
· These side effets may : nasea, GI pset, heatbn (take dg with fd); easy bising, gm beeding (eated t aspiin's effets n bd tting)
· Avid the se f the T dgs whie taking this dg. Many f these dgs ntain aspiin, and seis vedse an .
· ept inging in the eas; dizziness, nfsin; abdmina pain; apid diffit beathing; nasea, vmiting.
· Take exta peatins t keep this dg t f the eah f hiden; this dg an be vey danges f hiden.
Advese effets in Itai ae mst mmn; thse in Bd ae ife-theatening.