Physigia Fitness mpnents and Heath
ent ifestye has ested in w eves f physia fitness. This ak f physia fitness has been peeived as an tme f the eativey sedentay ifestye sine hidhd (Beham & iddh, 2001; asen, et a., 2000; Teama & Yang, 2000; Van Meheen, et a., 2000).
Sientifi evidene shws that ega mdeate t high intensity physia ativities aised the physia fitness f the individa and it had psitive infenes n diffeent bdy fntins, and as had many heath benefits (ASM, 2000; Fethe, et a., 1996; Hadman & Stense, 2003; Pk, et a., 1998). In ntast, inativity and a sedentay ifestye ed t many negative effets n the heath f the individa and sbseqenty n the siety (Bth, et a., 2000; akkanen, et a., 2001; wand, 2002; WH, 2004).
adivasa Endane: Sevea stdies have stated that adivasa disease is the geatest singe ase f death and the wd (Anna Heath ept, 2004; Bth, et a., 2000; Bhad, 1993; Bitish Heat Fndatin, 2000; H, et a., 2001; Kh, 2001; Mis et a., 1990; Wannamethee & Shape, 2001). adivasa disease say pesents waning signs in the fm f the fwing isk fats, sh as eevated bd ipids, hypetensin and distbanes in heat hythms (aspesn, 2000; en, 1997). These isk fats have been shwn t be eated t pepe’s ifestyes (Batty, et a., 2002; Wannamethee & Shape, 2001). Stess, igaette smking, nsmptin f fat and physia inativity ae ifestye habits that have a diet tie t adivasa disease mtaity (aspesn, 2000; en, 1997).
Ading t vais stdies, ak f ega exeise and physia ativity ntibte t the devepment f the adivasa disease isk fats (A-Hazzaa, et a., 1993, 1994; akkanen, et a., 2004; Washingtn, 1999). eseah as sggests that by engaging in ega exeise and physia ativity that impves the adivasa system (aebi apaity), individas an ede many isk fats assiated with adivasa disease (Batty, et a., 2002; akkanen, et a., 2004; ee & Bai, 2002; Tanases, et a., 2003). This is espeiay te f yng pepe (Washingtn, 1999). Thee is stng evidene that the nset and apid devepment f adivasa disease an begin ding yth and may eventay beme ievesibe (A-Hazzaa, et a., 1993; Washingtn, 1999).
Msa Endane: Exeise and spt sientists and spts mediine pfessinas have ng egnized that endane f the abdmina msate is an essentia mpnent f fitness f heath and spts pefmane (ahad, et a., 1994; MNei, et a., 1980; Nis, 1993). A minima amnt f abdmina endane is neessay f maintaining ppe aignment f the axia skeetn and sppting mvements f bth the we and ppe extemities in ativities f daiy iving, wk, and atheti pefmane (ahad, et a., 1994; ee, et a., 2001; Nade, et a., 2000). Sati. et a (1996) fnd that abdmina and tnk mses maintain spina pste and stabiity ding axia tatin exetins. ee. et a (2001) ited that abdmina mse weakness was assiated with ent w bak pain. As, they fnd that sedentay wkes wh deveped we bak pain wee me ikey t eqie hspita admissin.
eseah stdies ndted t investigate ways t pvide eief t pepe wh sffe fm bak pain have demnstated that impving the endane f the abdmina mses an deease the inidene and seveity f the pain (Bhad, 1993; apente &Nesn, 1999; ahad, et a., 1994; ee, et a., 2001; Nade, et a., 2000; Nis, 1993).
Msa Stength: Mse stength deines with age, and thee is a demnstated eatinship between mse stength and physia fntin (Bwn, et a.1995; ess, et a., 1996). Bhad (1993) identified the fat that ppe bdy stength is imptant f individas t pefm daiy ativities and tasks sh as taking t the tash, mving fnite and ifting, ping pshing bjets as many f these tasks invve sing the ppe bdy and imbs. ess et a. (1996) fnd a signifiant psitive eatinship between mse stength f the ppe extemities and sevea fntina pefmanes. In sppt f that, Sni et a. (1998) ited that w fitness in bak msa endane and ppe-bdy stength wee assiated with mbiity disabiity. F exampe, in an emegeny a stng individa has a bette hane f aviding seis injy than a weak pesn. And in many ases ppe bdy stength an make the diffeene between a seis injy and esaping ham sh as faing in the edey (Bwn, et a.1995; ess, et a., 1996).
Fexibiity: P hamsting fexibiity has ften been assiated with injies t the we bak and we extemities (Hatig & Hendesn, 1999; Jnhagen, et a., 1994; We, 1994). Küste (2004) ited that bak pain and pste defiits ae sffeed widey amng hidhd and adesents. Bhad (1993) ited that appximatey 80% f these we bak pbems ae de t weak tense mses. Many daiy ativities pae a geat dea f stain n these mses. As, physia inativity and a highy sedentay ifestye ntibte t the isk fats that pmte bak pbems (Küste, 2004; Vindigni, et a, 2005). Hatig and Hendesn (1999) demnstated that a hamsting stething egimen signifianty ineased fexibiity and deeased the inidene f injy in the we extemities. This means that these pbems an be eded imited thgh impved fexibiity.
Physia inativity ntibtes t a ss f fexibiity f the we bak and the hip fexs (Küste, 2004). Sitting f ng peids f time pmtes a sedentay existene whih wi est in a ss f fexibiity. Individas with a sedentay ifestye wh pefm asina physia ativity ae at high isk f deveping bak pbems (Küste, 2004; Vindigni, et a, 2005). Physiians, ahes and taines pesibe diffeent tnk and thigh fexibiity exeises f individas with we bak pbems, sppting the vae f stething exeises t pevent we bak pbems (Küste, 2004; .S Depatment f Heath and Hman Sevies, 1996)
Bdy mpsitin: Bhad (1993) aimed that the hman bdy an be divided int tw pats: ean weight (mse, bne and intena gans) and fat weight. F gd heath, the bdy shd maintain a ppe ati f ne t the the. besity is an exessive amatin f fat weight. w eves f ativity, esting in fewe aies sed than nsmed, ntibte t the high inidene f besity. Yng pepe ae me bese nw than eve befe (WH, 2000; 2002). besity is assiated with many isk fats f nay heat disease, stke and diabetes (Bay, 2004; ss et a., 2000; Weinsie et a., 2002). evesa f these isk fats an be ahieved by eding an individa’s tta bdy fat. This an be ahieved by exeise ang with a ppe diet whih bseves gd ntitina pinipes sh as weing the nsmptin f satated fats, sweets and exessive aies. A f whih ae imptant ifestye hanges that individas mst make (Gndy et a., 1999; Jakiie et a., 2001; Mie et a, 1997; ss et a., 2000).
Theefe, hanges in physia ativity an have a pfnd effet n physia fitness and may ede the isk f many heath aspets.